BioGem Blog

Orion refers to a prominent constellation ( a group of fixed stars ) visible to the naked eye. It is named after a hunter in Greek mythology and is easily recognizable due to its distinctive shape and bright stars, such as Betelgeuse and Rigel . Whereas Orion's Belt is a pattern in the constellation of Orion. This belt consists of three bright stars— Alnitak , Alnilam , and Mintaka —aligned in a straight line, making it one of the most identifiable features in the night sky. Many cultures have their own interpretations of Orion's Belt, often associating them with various myths and legends. In this article, the Orion's Belt is connected to a Hindu mythology. Sanskrit Tamil Name Star Name Constellation Position Uṣā உஷா Alnitak Zeta (ζ) Orion 0°49’ Aniruddha அனிருத்தா Alnilam Epsilon (ε) Orion 29°36’ Citralekhā சித்ரலேகா Mintaka Delta (δ) Orion 28°30’ The Orion's Belt is seen in the image above, which is associated with Greek mythology. T...

NTSYSpc (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System) is a simple and light-weight statistical software used for cluster analysis of molecular genetic qualitative data. The broad features of NTSYSpc include similarity/dissimilarity, clustering, graph theoretic methods, ordination, interactive graphics, multivariate tests, geometric morphometrics, and comparison of matrices. This brief video tutorial illustrates how to use NTSYSpc to create a cladogram ( a tree diagram that shows the cladistic relationship between several populations/species ) from a binary matrix. The table made up of 0s and 1s is represented by the binary matrix. On the other hand, 1 denotes the presence of character, 0 denotes the absence of character ( trait ), and a blank area denotes the absence of character.

It is an online free mathematics problem solving tool by Google. Your maths problem will be shared with maths providers ( GeoGebra, QuickMath, Alpertron, Mathway, Symbolab, eMathHelp, Tiger Algebra, Gauthmath, Matrix Calculator, dCode, TutorEva, MathCelebrity, Qanda, CameraMath, ScanMath, Mathforyou, or MathDF ) and processed according to their privacy policies. No other data will be shared. It supports both manual problem typing and scan and upload images (process through OCR technology). We can solve a variety of problems namely linear equations, polynomials, quadratic equations, rational expressions, exponents, complex numbers, trigonometry, inequalities, system of linear equations, radicals, absolute values, logarithms, probably, integrals, derivatives, vectors, and matrices . The rich feature of the tools is that we can get a step-by-step explanation of the problem solving.

Homology or comparative protein structure modeling is a complex process, but with the help of tools like Modeller , it becomes more accessible and efficient. It's fascinating how the program can automatically calculate a model with all non-hydrogen atoms based on an alignment of a sequence to be modeled with known related structures. The input to Modeller are restraints on the spatial structure of the amino acid sequence(s) and ligands to be modeled, and the output is a 3D structure that satisfies these restraints as well as possible. It's amazing how the program can derive restraints from various sources such as related protein structures, NMR experiments, rules of secondary structure packing, cross-linking experiments, fluorescence spectroscopy, image reconstruction in electron microscopy, site-directed mutagenesis, residue-residue and atom-atom potentials of mean force, and even intuition. The program can operate on various spatial features defined by atoms or pseudo at...

BioEdit is a free biological sequence alignment editor. It has an intuitive multiple document interface and offers convenient features that make alignment and manipulation of sequences relatively easy on windows desktop computers. Additionally, there are several sequence manipulation and analysis options and links to external analysis programs that facilitate a working environment, allowing users to view and manipulate sequences with simple point-and-click operations. The BioEdit software provides automated local and web BLAST ( B asic L ocal A lignment S earch T ool) searches with a simple graphical user interface (GUI) to the command-line BLAST program. This is a simple video tutorial on how to construct a custom nucleotide/protein database using BioEdit software to support NCBI BLAST . The tutorial also covers how to perform a query search, specifically pairwise sequence alignment, against the database.

A phylogenetic tree ( a.k.a. , cladogram or dendrogram) is a diagrammatic/graphical representation of the genetical/evolutionary relationship of species/organisms/genes. Phylogenetic tree helps to find the common ancestor. The i nteractive T ree O f L ife ( iTOL ) is an online tool to display and manipulate phylogenetic trees. iTOL offers free access (limited access), standard subscription (unlimited access), and iTOL annotation editor subscription (unlimited and versatile access). It supports user-interactive customizable tree layouts, manual drawing, and annotation. iTOL can visualize trees with 50,000 or more nodes. This is a simple video tutorial for user interactive visualization of phylogenetic trees using the iTOL tool. The iTOL tool produces phylogenetic trees in various formats, such as rectangular, slanting, curved, radial, and curved. It accepts input in Newick, Nexus, or PhyloXML file format.